Pyramid Principle
#writing
The Pyramid Principle (Barbara Minto, McKinsey) is a structuring method for writing and presentations. The shape: start with the main conclusion at the top, then the key supporting arguments below it, then evidence and detail for each argument at the bottom.
Mental model — an inverted pyramid where the answer comes first:
- Top: the answer — one sentence, the bottom line.
- Middle: 2–5 key reasons — MECE (mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive).
- Bottom: evidence per reason — data, examples, analysis.
Optimized for busy readers who want the conclusion first and only drill deeper if they need to. Core technique in consulting and executive communication. A good antidote to the "build-up to the reveal" narrative style that works in essays but wastes readers in decision contexts.